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 详细处方信息以本药内容附件PDF文件（201141720003920.pdf）的“原文Priscribing Information”为准
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部分中文卡泊芬净处方资料（仅供参考）

分类名称
一级分类：抗生素 二级分类：抗真菌药 三级分类： 
 
药品英文名
Caspofungin
 
药品别名
醋酸卡泊芬净、科赛斯、Cancidas、Caspofungin Ace-tate
 
药物剂型
卡泊芬净注射剂：50mg/支；70mg/支。2～8℃冰箱冷藏。本品溶解原液可在25℃以下保存1h，稀释好的静脉注射液可2～8℃冰箱冷藏48h，或25℃以下存放24h。
 
药理作用
本品为棘白菌素类抗真菌药物，是葡聚糖合成酶抑制剂，能有效抑制β-1，3-D-葡聚糖的合成，从而干扰真菌细胞壁的合成。本品有广谱抗真菌活性，对白色念珠菌、热带念珠菌、光滑念珠菌、克柔念珠菌等有良好的抗菌活性，对烟曲霉、黄曲霉、土曲霉和黑曲霉及除曲菌以外的几种丝状真菌和二形真菌也有抗菌活性。
 
药动学
本品的血药浓度随着静脉应用剂量的加大(从5mg到100mg)而呈线性增加。单剂静滴卡泊芬净70mg后，平均血药浓度为12.4μg/ml，24h后为1.42μg/ml，消除半衰期9.29h。本品的血清蛋白结合率高(约96%)。在肝、肾和大肠组织的药物浓度明显比血浆高，小肠、肺和脾的浓度与血浆相似，而心、脑和大腿的浓度低于血浆浓度。消除半衰期为9～10h。本品主要在肝脏代谢，经粪便和尿液排出。其中约1.4%的剂量以原形从尿液中排出。本品进入人体后97%与白蛋白结合，经水解及N-乙酰化作用而缓慢地被代谢。
 
适应证
本品适用于治疗念珠菌败血症和下列念珠菌感染：腹腔脓肿、腹膜炎和腹腔感染；食管念珠菌病；难治性或不能耐受其他治疗如两性霉素B、两性霉素B脂质体制剂和/或伊曲康唑的侵袭性曲霉病的治疗。也用于发热性中性粒细胞减少症患者真菌感染的治疗。
 
禁忌证
1.对本品过敏者禁用。
2.尚无儿童用药安全性资料，不推荐18岁以下患者使用。
 
注意事项
1.妊娠期及哺乳期妇女慎用。
2.严重肝功能不全的病人，目前尚无用药的临床经验。
3.本品应单独输注，不宜与其他静脉注射剂混合。
4.本品在葡萄糖溶液中不稳定，故不能用葡萄糖注射液稀释。
5.尚无药物过量报告，已使用的最大剂量100mg耐受良好。本品不能被透析清除。
 
不良反应
1.一般发热、头痛、腹痛。
2.消化道 恶心、呕吐、腹泻。
3.肝脏 肝酶水平升高。
4.血液 贫血。
5.外周血管 静脉炎、血栓性静脉炎、静滴相关反应。
6.皮肤 皮疹、瘙痒症。
7.常见的实验室检查异常有血清氨基转移酶、胆红素、碱性磷酸酶、血肌酐、血尿素氮升高，血钾、血细胞比容和血红蛋白降低。
 
用法用量
1.念珠菌败血症及其他念珠菌感染：成人剂量为首日负荷剂量70mg，继以维持剂量每日50mg，缓慢静脉滴注1h。疗程依据患者的临床及微生物学反应而定，一般为末次血培养阴性后至少14天。粒细胞缺乏患者疗程宜长，持续至粒细胞恢复。
2.食管念珠菌病：每日50mg，缓慢静滴1h。由于HIV患者易于复发，可予以抑制治疗。
3.侵袭性曲霉病：首日负荷剂量70mg，继以维持剂量每日50mg，缓慢静滴1h。疗程依据患者基础疾病的严重程度、免疫缺陷恢复情况以及临床反应而定。
4.肾功能损害及轻度肝功能损害患者不需调整剂量，中度肝功能损害患者首日负荷剂量为70mg，继以维持剂量每日35mg。
5.与依非韦仑、奈非那韦、奈非拉平、利福平、地塞米松、苯妥英钠、卡马西平合用时，首日负荷剂量70mg，维持剂量每日70mg。
6.溶液配制：将本品注射剂放至室温，加入注射用水或O.9%氯化钠注射液10.5ml溶解得溶解原液，浓度为7mg/ml(每瓶70mg包装)或5mg/ml(每瓶50mg包装)；根据患者用药剂量，取溶解原液适量加入到0.9%氯化钠注射液或乳酸林格注射液250ml中，得稀释液供静滴。
 
药物相应作用
1.本品可致他克莫司血药浓度升高，两者合用时应监测他克莫司的血药浓度，并调整他克莫司的剂量。
2.本品可使环孢素A的AUC增加，但血药浓度不变。两者合用时可发生血清氨基转移酶水平升高，应避免两者合用。
3.利福平、依法韦司、奈韦拉平、苯妥英、地塞米松、卡马西平可使本品血药浓度降低，与上述药物合用时，应予以本品每日70mg。

Cancidas
Pronunciation: KAS-poe-FUN-jin
Generic Name: Caspofungin
Brand Name: Cancidas

Cancidas is used for:
Treating certain fungal infections.

Cancidas is an antifungal agent. It works by weakening fungal cell walls, which allows the cell contents to leak out, resulting in the death of the fungus.

Do NOT use Cancidas if:
you are allergic to any ingredient in Cancidas

Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.

Before using Cancidas:
Some medical conditions may interact with Cancidas. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:
if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding
if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement
if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances
if you have liver problems or are using cyclosporine

Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Cancidas. Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:
Cyclosporine because the risk of liver problems may be increased
Carbamazepine, dexamethasone, efavirenz, nevirapine, phenytoin, or rifampin because they may decrease Cancidas's effectiveness
Tacrolimus because its effectiveness may be decreased by Cancidas

This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Cancidas may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.

How to use Cancidas:
Use Cancidas as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.

Cancidas is usually given as an injection at your doctor's office, hospital, or clinic. If you will be using Cancidas at home, a health care provider will teach you how to use it. Be sure you understand how to use Cancidas. Follow the procedures you are taught when you use a dose. Contact your health care provider if you have any questions.
Do not use Cancidas if it contains particles, is cloudy or discolored, or if the vial is cracked or damaged.
Keep this product, as well as syringes and needles, out of the reach of children and pets. Do not reuse needles, syringes, or other materials. Ask your health care provider how to dispose of these materials after use. Follow all local rules for disposal.
If you miss a dose of Cancidas, contact your doctor right away.
Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Cancidas.

Important safety information:
Be sure to use Cancidas for the full course of treatment. If you do not, the medicine may not clear up your infection completely. The bacteria could also become less sensitive to this or other medicines. This could make the infection harder to treat in the future.
Lab tests, including liver function tests, may be performed while you use Cancidas. These tests may be used to monitor your condition or check for side effects. Be sure to keep all doctor and lab appointments.
Use Cancidas with caution in the ELDERLY; they may be more sensitive to its effects.
Cancidas should be used with extreme caution in CHILDREN younger than 3 months old; safety and effectiveness in these children have not been confirmed.
PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: If you become pregnant, contact your doctor. You will need to discuss the benefits and risks of using Cancidas while you are pregnant. It is not known if Cancidas is found in breast milk. If you are or will be breast-feeding while you use Cancidas, check with your doctor. Discuss any possible risks to your baby.

Possible side effects of Cancidas:
All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:
Cough; diarrhea; headache; mild fever; nausea; stomach pain; vomiting.

Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur:
Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue; unusual hoarseness); blood in the urine; decreased urine; fainting, fatigue, or dizziness; fast, slow or irregular heartbeat; fever, chills, or sore throat; mood or mental changes (eg, anxiety, confusion, depression, trouble sleeping); muscle pain, weakness, or cramps; pain, swelling, weakness, or redness at the infusion site or in the infused limb; rapid breathing, shortness of breath, or wheezing; red, swollen, blistered or peeling skin; seizure; severe headache, dizziness, or blurred vision; severe stomach or back pain with nausea and vomiting; swelling of the hands or feet; symptoms of liver problems (eg, dark urine, loss of appetite, pale stools, yellowing of the skin or eyes); unusual bleeding or bruising; unusual feeling of warmth; unusual tiredness or weakness.

This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. To report side effects to the appropriate agency, please read the Guide to Reporting Problems to FDA.

If OVERDOSE is suspected:
Contact 1-800-222-1222 (the American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center, or emergency room immediately.

Proper storage of Cancidas:
Cancidas is usually handled and stored by a health care provider. If you are using Cancidas at home, store Cancidas as directed by your pharmacist or health care provider. Keep Cancidas out of the reach of children and away from pets.

General information:
If you have any questions about Cancidas, please talk with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.
Cancidas is to be used only by the patient for whom it is prescribed. Do not share it with other people.
If your symptoms do not improve or if they become worse, check with your doctor.
Check with your pharmacist about how to dispose of unused medicine.

This information is a summary only. It does not contain all information about Cancidas. If you have questions about the medicine you are taking or would like more information, check with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.

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 详细处方信息以本药内容附件PDF文件（201141720003920.pdf）的“原文Priscribing Information”为准
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2011-4-18更新