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 详细处方信息以本药内容附件PDF文件（20125923113313.PDF,20125923113039.PDF）的“原文Priscribing Information”为准
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部分中文必理通处方资料（仅供参考）

药品名称:
商品名称：必理通
通用名称：对乙酰氨基酚片
英文名称：Panadol (Paracetamol Tablets)

成份:对乙酰氨基酚

适应症:用于缓解轻中度疼痛如头痛、偏头痛、关节痛、肌肉痛、痛经、牙痛、神经痛，也用于普通感冒或流行性感冒引起的发热。
 
规格:每片0.5克。

服药与进食:服药不受进食影响

用法用量:口服。成人一次1片，若持续高热或疼痛，可间隔4–6小时重复用药一次，24小时内不得超过4片。

不良反应:不良反应较少，对胃肠刺激小，不引起胃出血，偶见皮疹、荨麻疹、药热、血小板减少症及白血球减少等不良反应，长期大量用药有可能导致肝、肾功能异常。

注意事项:
1.本品为对症治疗药，用于解热，连续使用不得超过3天，用于止痛不得超过5天，症状不缓解请咨询医师或药师。
2.对本品过敏者禁用。对阿司匹林过敏者，一般对本品不发生过敏反应，但有报告，在因阿司匹林过敏而发生喘息的病人中，少数服用本品后发生轻度支气管痉挛。
3.不能同时服用含有本品及其他解热镇痛药的制剂。
4.对孕妇应考虑可能对胎儿造成的不良影响而慎用。
5.肝肾功能不全者应慎用。
6.勿过量服药，如服药过量或有严重不良反应时应立即就医。
如若过量服药则有可能严重影响肝脏，症状有可能在3天以后才会出现，若在过量服药10-12小时内静脉给予N-乙酰半胱氨酸或口服蛋氨酸对肝脏有保护作用。
肝氧化酶过剩者，如酗酒或服用巴比妥类药物及营养不良者可能对对乙酰氨基酚毒性更敏感。当服用过量的药物后无论成人或儿童，即使无任何症状，也应尽早治疗。
7.当药品性状发生改变时禁止服用。
8.儿童必须在成人监护下使用。
请将此药品放在儿童不能接触的地方。
 
FDA妊娠药物分级:尚未进行孕妇研究，但在动物繁殖性研究中，未见到对胎儿的影响，并且孕妇使用该药品的治疗获益可能胜于其潜在危害。或者，该药品尚未进行动物试验，也没有对孕妇进行充分严格的对照研究。

药物相互作用:
1.应用巴比妥类(如苯巴比妥)或解痉药(如颠茄)的患者，长期使用本品时可致肝脏损害。
2.本品与氯霉素同用时可增强后者的毒性。
3.如正在服用其它药品，使用本品前请咨询医师或药师。
 
药理作用:本品能抑制前列腺素的合成，具有解热、镇痛作用。

化学成份:
化学名称为：N-(4-羟基苯基)乙酰胺
分子式：C8H9NO2
分子量：151.16

性状:本品为白色椭圆形薄膜包衣片。
 
有效期:三年

生产企业:史克制药有限公司

药物分类:解热镇痛和其他镇痛药

药品监管分级:医保药品: 乙类非处方药; 口服常释剂型、颗粒剂为国家基本药物

Panadol extra (paracetamol and caffeine)
Main use：Pain, fever
Active ingredient：Paracetamol, caffeine
Manufacturer：GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare
   
How does it work?
Panadol extra tablets and soluble tablets contain two active ingredients, paracetamol and caffeine.

Paracetamol is a simple painkilling medicine used to relieve mild to moderate pain and fever. Despite its widespread use for over 100 years, we still don't fully understand how paracetamol works to relieve pain and reduce fever. However, it is now thought that it works by reducing the production of prostaglandins in the brain and spinal cord.

The body produces prostaglandins in response to injury and certain diseases. One of the effects of prostaglandins is to sensitise nerve endings, causing pain (presumably to prevent us from causing further harm to the area). As paracetamol reduces the production of these nerve sensitising prostaglandins it is thought it may increase our pain threshold, so that although the cause of the pain remains, we can feel it less.

It is thought paracetamol reduces fever by affecting an area of the brain that regulates our body temperature (the hypothalamic heat-regulating center).

Paracetamol is about as effective as aspirin at relieving mild to moderate pain and fever, but unlike aspirin it has no anti-inflammatory effect.

Caffeine is a weak stimulant. It is thought that caffeine may enhance the painkilling effect of paracetamol.

What is it used for?
Mild to moderate pain, such as headache, migraine, toothache, sore throat, muscular and rheumatic pain, nerve pain (neuralgia), backache (lumbago) and period pain.
Relieving aches, pains, sore throat and fever associated with colds and flu.

Warning!
As this medicine contains caffeine, you should avoid drinking too many drinks that also contain caffeine while taking it, eg tea, coffee, cola.
Do not take this medicine with any other products that contain paracetamol. Many over-the-counter painkillers and cold and flu remedies contain paracetamol. It is important to check the ingredients of any medicines you buy without a prescription before taking them in combination with this medicine. Seek further advice from your pharmacist.
An overdose of paracetamol is dangerous and capable of causing serious damage to the liver and kidneys. You should never exceed the dose stated in the information leaflet supplied with this medicine. Immediate medical advice should be sought in the event of an overdose with this medicine, even if you feel well, because of the risk of delayed, serious liver damage.
Alcohol increases the risk of liver damage that can occur if an overdose of paracetamol is taken. The hazards of paracetamol overdose are greater in persistant heavy drinkers and in people with alcoholic liver disease.
Do not exceed the dose stated in the information leaflet supplied with this medicine.
If symptoms persist consult your doctor.
Consult your doctor if your headaches become persistant. Taking a painkiller for headaches or migraine too often or for too long can actually make them worse.

Use with caution in
Decreased kidney function.
Decreased liver function.

Not to be used in
Children under 12 years of age.
Panadol extra soluble tablets contain sodium. As such, they may not be suitable for people on a low sodium diet. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for advice if this applies to you.

This medicine should not be used if you are allergic to one or any of its ingredients. Please inform your doctor or pharmacist if you have previously experienced such an allergy.

If you feel you have experienced an allergic reaction, stop using this medicine and inform your doctor or pharmacist immediately.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding
Certain medicines should not be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding. However, other medicines may be safely used in pregnancy or breastfeeding providing the benefits to the mother outweigh the risks to the unborn baby. Always inform your doctor if you are pregnant or planning a pregnancy, before using any medicine.
There are no known harmful effects when this medicine is used during pregnancy. However, you should always seek advice from your doctor or pharmacist before taking any medicines during pregnancy.
Small amounts of this medicine may pass into breast milk, however there are no known harmful effects when it is used by breastfeeding mothers.

Label warnings
Do not take more than 2 at any one time. Do not take more than 8 in 24 hours.
Do not take this medication with any other products containing paracetamol.

Side effects
Medicines and their possible side effects can affect individual people in different ways. The following are some of the side effects that are known to be associated with this medicine. Just because a side effect is stated here does not mean that all people using this medicine will experience that or any side effect.
Skin rash.

The side effects listed above may not include all of the side effects reported by the medicine's manufacturer.

For more information about any other possible risks associated with this medicine, please read the information provided with the medicine or consult your doctor or pharmacist.

How can this medicine affect other medicines?
You should not take other medicines that contain paracetamol in combination with this medicine, as this can easily result in exceeding the maximum recommended daily dose of paracetamol. Many cold and flu remedies and over-the-counter painkillers contain paracetamol so be sure to check the ingredients of any other medicines before taking them in combination with this one, or ask your pharmacist for advice.

Cholestyramine reduces the absorption of paracetamol from the gut. It should not be taken within an hour of taking paracetamol or the effect of the paracetamol will be reduced.

Metoclopramide and domperidone may increase the absorption of paracetamol from the gut.

Long-term or regular use of paracetamol may increase the anti-blood-clotting effect of warfarin and other anticoagulant medicines, leading to an increased risk of bleeding. Regular monitoring of blood clotting times should be performed if paracetamol is used regularly with these medicines. This effect does not occur with occasional pain-killing doses.

Other medicines containing the same active ingredients
Hedex extra 
Solpadeine headache 

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 详细处方信息以本药内容附件PDF文件（20125923113313.PDF,20125923113039.PDF）的“原文Priscribing Information”为准
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