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 详细处方信息以本药内容附件PDF文件（201241218445412.pdf）的“原文Priscribing Information”为准
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部分中文丙哌维林处方资料（仅供参考）

中文名称： 盐酸丙哌维林

中文别名： 1-甲基-4-哌啶基二苯基丙氧乙酸酯盐酸盐
 
英文名称： Propiverine HCL

英文别名： Propiverine hydrochloride; 1-Methyl-4-piperidyl diphenylpropoxyacetate hydrochloride; Benzeneacetic acid, alpha-phenyl-alpha-propoxy-, 1-methyl-4-piperidinyl ester, hydrochloride; CCRIS 3443; Diphenylpropoxyacetic acid 1-methyl-4-piperidyl ester hydrochloride; Mictonorm; NSC 172140; P-4; Propiverine HCl; alpha,alpha-Diphenyl-alpha-n-propoxyacetic acid 1-methylpiperidyl-4-ester hydrochloride; alpha-Phenyl-alpha-propoxybenzeneacetic acid 1-methyl-4-piperidinyl ester hydrochloride; Acetic acid, diphenylpropoxy-, 1-methyl-4-piperidyl ester, hydrochloride; 4-{[diphenyl(propoxy)acetyl]oxy}-1-methylpiperidinium chloride; 1-methylpiperidin-4-yl 2,2-diphenylhexanoate hydrochloride (1:1); Propiverine Hydrochloridel

类别：泌尿系统用药

用途：作用于膀胱平滑肌，对平滑肌有解痉作用。适用于神经原性膀胱，不稳定膀胱，膀胱刺激状态（如慢性膀胱炎和慢性前列腺炎）等引起的尿频、尿急和尿失禁的治疗。

Detrunorm
Main use：Incontinence
Active ingredient：Propiverine hydrochloride
Manufacturer：Amdipharm

How does it work?
Detrunorm tablets and Detrunorm XL modified release capsules both contain the active ingredient propiverine hydrochloride, which is a type of medicine called an anticholinergic (or antimuscarinic) muscle relaxant. It works by relaxing the involuntary muscle that is found in the wall of the bladder.

The muscle in the wall of the bladder is called the detrusor muscle. It can sometimes contract in uncontrollable spasms, and this is often referred to as having an overactive bladder. This condition may have no known cause, or may be a result of problems with the nerve supply to the bladder following an injury to the spinal cord. The overactive detrusor muscle can increase the number of times you need to pass urine, or cause uncontrollable urges to pass urine or involuntary leakage of urine (urinary incontinence).

Propiverine works by relaxing the detrusor muscle in the wall of the bladder. It does this by blocking receptors called cholinergic (or muscarinic) receptors that are found on the surface of the muscle cells. This prevents a natural body chemical called acetylcholine from acting on these receptors.

Normally when acetylcholine acts on these receptors, it causes the detrusor muscle to contract and the bladder to empty. By blocking acetylcholine, propiverine helps the muscle in the bladder wall to relax. This reduces unstable, involuntary contractions of the bladder, and thereby increases the capacity of the bladder to hold urine. In turn, this reduces the need to pass urine.

Detrunorm tablets are known as an immediate release dose form. This means that the medicine is absorbed into the bloodstream from the gut soon after the tablets are taken. These tablets are taken between two to four times a day, as your doctor feels necessary.

Detrunorm XL capsules are known as modified release capsules. They are designed to release the medicine slowly over the day as the capsule passes through the gut. This means the capsules only need to be taken once a day. These capsules should be swallowed whole with liquid. They should not be broken, chewed or crushed, as this would stop their modified release action from working.

What is it used for?
Incontinence
Passing urine too frequently (urinary frequency)
Uncontrollable urges to pass urine (urinary urgency)

Warning!
This medicine may cause drowsiness and blurred vision. If affected do not drive or operate machinary.
If you are taking this medicine for prolonged periods of time your doctor may need to take blood tests to monitor your liver function.
People who are at risk of developing glaucoma should have regular tests to monitor the pressure inside the eye (intraocular pressure) while taking this medicine.

Use with caution in
Elderly people
Decreased kidney function
Disorder of the involuntary nerves that control the internal organs (autonomic neuropathy)
Heart failure
Irregular heart beats (arrhythmias)
Increased heart rate (tachycardia)
Coronary artery disease
Enlarged prostate gland
Inflammation of the foodpipe (reflux oesophagitis) as a result of acid reflux caused by a hiatus hernia
Overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism)

Not to be used in
Children
Blockage of the outflow of urine from the bladder
Blockage of the bowel (bowel obstruction)
A loss in the ability of the gut to contract (intestinal atony or paralysis)
Severe ulcerative colitis
Sudden expansion of the large intestine seen in advanced ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease (toxic megacolon)
Abnormal muscle weakness (myasthenia gravis)
Uncontrolled closed angle glaucoma
Fast, abnormal heart beats (tachyarrhythmias)
Moderately to severely decreased liver function
Pregnancy
Breastfeeding
Rare hereditary problems of galactose intolerance, the Lapp lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption (Detrunorm tablets and Detrunorm XL capsules contain lactose).

This medicine should not be used if you are allergic to one or any of its ingredients. Please inform your doctor or pharmacist if you have previously experienced such an allergy.

If you feel you have experienced an allergic reaction, stop using this medicine and inform your doctor or pharmacist immediately.

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Certain medicines should not be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding. However, other medicines may be safely used in pregnancy or breastfeeding providing the benefits to the mother outweigh the risks to the unborn baby. Always inform your doctor if you are pregnant or planning a pregnancy, before using any medicine.
This medicine should not be used during pregnancy as its safety has not been established. Seek medical advice from your doctor.
This medicine may pass into breast milk. It should not be used by breastfeeding mothers. Seek medical advice from your doctor.

Label warnings
This medication may cause drowsiness. If affected do not drive or operate machinery.

Side effects
Medicines and their possible side effects can affect individual people in different ways. The following are some of the side effects that are known to be associated with this medicine. Because a side effect is stated here, it does not mean that all people using this medicine will experience that or any side effect.
Dry mouth
Blurred vision
Constipation
Fatigue
Headache
Nausea and vomiting
Dizziness
Tremor
Difficulty in passing urine (urinary retention)
Hot flushes
Low blood pressure (hypotension)
Drowsiness
Rash (allergic reaction)
Awareness of your heart beat (palpitations)
Restlessness
Confusion
Fast or irregular heart beat

The side effects listed above may not include all of the side effects reported by the drug's manufacturer.

For more information about any other possible risks associated with this medicine, please read the information provided with the medicine or consult your doctor or pharmacist.

How can this medicine affect other medicines?
It is important to tell your doctor or pharmacist what medicines you are already taking, including those bought without a prescription and herbal medicines, before you start treatment with this medicine. Similarly, ask your doctor or pharmacist before taking any new medicines while taking this one, so they can check that the combination is safe.

There may be an increased risk of anticholinergic side effects, such as dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation and difficulty passing urine, if this medicine is taken with other medicines that have anticholinergic effects, such as the following:
amantadine
anticholinergic medicines for spasms of the stomach or intestines, eg hyoscine, atropine
anticholinergic medicines for Parkinson's symptoms, eg procyclidine, orphenadrine, trihexiphenidyl (benzhexol)
other anticholinergic medicines for urinary incontinence, eg oxybutinin and propantheline
antihistamines, eg brompheniramine, chlorphenamine
antipsychotic medicines, eg haloperidol, chlorpromazine, clozapine
MAOI antidepressants, eg phenelzine
tricyclic antidepressants, eg amitriptyline, clomipramine.

If you experience a dry mouth as a side effect of this medicine you may find that medicines that are designed to dissolve and be absorbed from under the tongue, eg sublingual glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) tablets, become less effective. This is because the tablets do not dissolve properly in a dry mouth. To resolve this, drink a mouthful of water before taking sublingual tablets.

There may be an increased risk of drowsiness if this medicine is taken with any of the following medicines (which can also cause drowsiness):
tricyclic antidepressants, eg amitriptyline
opioid painkillers, eg morphine, codeine
benzodiazepines, eg diazepam, temazepam
sedating antihistamines, eg chlorphenamine, promethazine
sleeping tablets.

There may be an increased risk of a fast or irregular heart beat if this medicine is taken in combination with beta sympathomimetic medicines, such as the following:
adrenaline
beta agonists for asthma, eg salbutamol, salmeterol
nasal decongestants, eg ephedrine.

If this medicine is taken with medicines that work by stimulating muscarinic/cholinergic receptors (cholinergic medicines) the medicines may antagonise each others' effects. This may make this or the other medicine less effective. Cholinergic medicines include the following:
donepezil, galantamine or rivastigmine used to treat Alzheimer's disease
neostigmine, pyridostigmine and distigmine for myaesthenia gravis.

This medicine may reduce the effects of the following medicines on the gut:
metoclopramide
cisapride
domperidone.

Blood pressure may be reduced in people taking this medicine in combination with isoniazid.

Other medicines containing the same active ingredient
There are currently no other medicines available in the UK that contain propiverine as the active ingredient.

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 详细处方信息以本药内容附件PDF文件（201241218445412.pdf）的“原文Priscribing Information”为准
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