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SCITEK INTERNATIONAL (H.K.) LIMITED
Email: sciteck.hongkong@gmail.com
 

当前本网站药物产品种数共 8524 处方药 8148 非处方药 269 保健品/医疗用具 107

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  药店国别: 美国药房
产地国家: 美国
所属类别: 调节水、电解质药->低钾血症
处方药:处方药
包装规格: 10毫当量/胶囊 100胶囊/瓶
计价单位:
  点击放大  
生产厂家中文参考译名:
Ther-Rx
生产厂家英文名:
Ther-Rx
该药品相关信息网址1:
http://www.rxlist.com/micro-k-drug.htm
该药品相关信息网址2:
http://www.drugs.com/mtm/micro-k.html
该药品相关信息网址3:
http://www.pdrhealth.com/drugs/micro-k
原产地英文商品名:
MICRO-K EXTENCAPS 10MEQ/CAP 100CAPS/BTL
原产地英文药品名:
POTASSIUM CHLORIDE
中文参考商品译名:
MICRO-K缓释胶囊 10毫当量/胶囊 100胶囊/瓶
中文参考药品译名:
氯化钾
原产地国家批准上市年份:
1980/10/17
英文适应病症1:
Hypokalemia
英文适应病症2:
Frequent, multi-borne premature
英文适应病症3:
Tachyarrhythmias
临床试验期:
完成
中文适应病症参考翻译1:
低钾血症
中文适应病症参考翻译2:
频发性、多源性早搏
中文适应病症参考翻译3:
快速心律失常
药品信息:

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 详细处方信息以本药内容附件PDF文件(20121918143839.pdf)的“原文Priscribing Information”为准
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部分中文氯化钾处方资料(仅供参考)

英文药名: Micro-K (potassium chloride capsules)

中文药名: 氯化钾胶囊

药品名称
通用名称:氯化钾
英文名称:Potassium Chloride , Micro-K

药理毒理
氯化钾是一种电解质补充药物。钾是细胞内的主要阳离子,是维持细胞内渗透压的重要成分。在细胞内浓度约为150~160mmol/L,在细胞外液浓度较低,仅为3.5~5.0mmol/L。机体主要依靠细胞膜上的Na+、K+及ATP酶来维持细胞内外的K+、Na+浓度差。体内的酸碱平衡状态对钾的代谢有影响,如酸中毒时H+进入细胞内,为了维持细胞内外的电位差,K+释放到细胞外,引起或加重高钾血症。正常的细胞内外钾离子浓度及浓度差与细胞的某些功能有着密切的关系,钾参与酸碱平衡的调节,糖、蛋白质的合成以及二磷酸腺苷转化为三磷酸苷需要一定量的钾参与;钾参与神经及其支配器官间、神经元间的兴奋过程,并参与神经末梢递质(乙酰胆碱)的形成;心脏内钾的含量可影响其活动,低钾时心脏兴奋性增高,临床血钾过低的患者以心律失常为主;钾是维持骨骼肌正常张力所必需的离子。钾离子不足则表现为肌无力,抽搐。

药代动力学
氯化钾口服后可迅速被胃肠道吸收。钾90%从肾脏排泄,10%随粪便排出。

适应症
1.治疗低钾血症
各种原因引起的低钾血症,如进食不足、呕吐、严重腹泻、应用排钾性利尿药、低钾性家族周期性麻痹、长期应用糖皮质激素和补充高渗葡萄糖等。
2.预防低钾血症
当患者存在失钾情况,尤其是如果发生低钾血症对患者危害较大时(如使用洋地黄药物的患者),需预防性补充钾盐,如进食很少、严重或慢性腹泻、长期服用肾上腺皮质激素、失钾性肾病、Bartter综合征等。
3.洋地黄中毒引起频发性、多源性早搏或快速心律失常。

用法用量
口服钾盐用于治疗轻型低钾血症或预防性用药。常规剂量成人每次0.5~1g(6.7~13.4mmol),每日2~4次,饭后服用,并按病情调整剂量。一般成人每日最大剂量为6g(80mmol)。谨遵医嘱!

不良反应
1.口服可有胃肠道刺激症状,如恶心、呕吐、咽部不适、胸痛(食道刺激),腹痛、腹泻、甚至消化性溃疡及出血。在空腹、剂量较大及原有胃肠道疾病者更易发生。
2.原有肾功能损害时应注意发生高钾血症。

禁忌
1.高钾血症患者。
2.急性肾功能不全、慢性肾功能不全者。

注意事项
1.下列情况慎用:
(1)急性脱水,因严重时可致尿量减少,尿K+排泄减少;
(2)家族性周期性麻痹,低钾性麻痹应给予补钾,但需鉴别高钾性或正常性周期麻痹;
(3)慢性或严重腹泻可致低钾血症,但同时可致脱水和低钠血症,引起肾前性少尿;
(4)传导阻滞性心律失常,尤其应用洋地黄类药物时;
(5)大面积烧伤、肌肉创伤、严重感染、大手术后24小时和严重溶血,上述情况本身可引起高血钾症;
(6)肾上腺性异常综合征伴盐皮质激素分泌不足;
(7)接受留钾利尿剂的病人。
2.用药期间需作以下随访检查:
(1)血钾;
(2)心电图;
(3)血镁、钠、钙;
(4)酸碱平衡指标;肾功能和尿量;
3.服用普通片剂及糖衣片时,对胃肠道有强烈的刺激作用,所以最好溶解成溶液后服用。

老年患者用药
老年人肾脏清除K+功能下降,应用钾盐时较易发生高钾血症。

药物相互作用
1.肾上腺糖皮质激素尤其是具有较明显盐皮质激素作用者、肾上腺盐皮质激素和促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH),因能促进尿钾排泄,合用时降低钾盐疗效。
2.抗胆碱能药物能加重口服钾盐尤其是氯化钾的胃肠道刺激作用。
3.非甾体类抗炎镇痛药加重口服钾盐的胃肠道反应。
4.合用库存血(库存10日以下含钾30mmol/l,库存10日以上含钾65mmol/l)、含钾药物和保钾利尿剂时,发生高钾血症的机会增多,尤其是有肾功能损害者。
5.血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂和环孢素A能抑制醛固酮分泌,尿钾排泄减少,故合用时易发生高钾血症。
6.肝素能抑制醛固酮的合成,尿钾排泄减少,合用时易发生高钾血症。另外,肝素可使胃肠道出血机会增多。
7.缓释型钾盐能抑制肠道对维生素B12的吸收。

药物过量
引起高钾血症。

Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules
Pronunciation: po-TAS-ee-um KLOR-ide
Generic Name: Potassium Chloride
Brand Name: Micro-K

Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules are used for:
Preventing or treating low blood potassium levels in certain patients. Low blood potassium levels may be caused by certain diseases, severe or prolonged episodes of vomiting or diarrhea, certain medicines (eg, corticosteroids, digitalis, diuretics), surgery, or other conditions. It may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.

Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules are an electrolyte. It works by providing potassium when you have low levels of potassium in your blood.

Do NOT use Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules if:
•you are allergic to any ingredient in Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules
•you have a high blood potassium level or severe kidney problems
•you have a narrowing of the esophagus because of an enlarged heart; or a blockage, slowing, or paralysis of the esophagus, stomach, or intestines
•you are taking an aldosterone blocker (eg, eplerenone), an anticholinergic (eg, methscopolamine), or a potassium-sparing diuretic (eg, spironolactone, triamterene)

Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.

Before using Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules:
Some medical conditions may interact with Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:
•if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding
•if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement
•if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances
•if you have adrenal gland, esophagus, kidney, or potassium excretion problems; diabetes; diarrhea; extensive tissue injury (eg, severe burns); heart problems (eg, irregular heartbeat, heart failure, mitral valve replacement); heat cramps; high blood acid levels; high blood pressure; muscle weakness or paralysis; or scleroderma; or if you are dehydrated
•if you are confined to a bed or chair

Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules. Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:
•Aldosterone blockers (eg, eplerenone), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (eg, lisinopril), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (eg, ibuprofen), or potassium-sparing diuretics (eg, spironolactone, triamterene) because the risk of high blood potassium levels may be increased
•Anticholinergics (eg, methscopolamine because the risk of esophagus, intestinal, or stomach problems may be increased
•Digoxin because the risk of its side effects may be increased by Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules

This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.

How to use Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules:
Use Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.
•Take Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules by mouth with food or after a meal.
•Take Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules with a full glass of water (8 oz/240 mL). Do not lie down for 30 minutes after taking Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules.
•Swallow Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules whole. Do not break, crush, or chew before swallowing. If you cannot swallow the capsule whole, you may open it and sprinkle the contents over a spoonful of applesauce or pudding. Do not use hot food or food that cannot be swallowed without chewing. Mix the medicine with the applesauce or pudding and swallow the mixture right away, followed by a glass of water. Do not crush or chew the medicine before swallowing. Do not store the mixture for future use.
•If you miss a dose of Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules, take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not take 2 doses at once.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules.

Important safety information:
•Do NOT take more than the recommended dose or use for longer than prescribed without checking with your doctor.
•Check with your doctor before you use a salt substitute or a product that has potassium in it.
•If you have trouble swallowing Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules, or if it seems to stick in your throat, check with your doctor.
•Lab tests, including blood potassium, kidney function, or electrocardiogram (ECG), may be performed while you use Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules. These tests may be used to monitor your condition or check for side effects. Be sure to keep all doctor and lab appointments.
•Use Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules with caution in the ELDERLY; they may be more sensitive to its effects.
•Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules should be used with extreme caution in CHILDREN; safety and effectiveness in children have not been confirmed.
•PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: If you become pregnant, contact your doctor. You will need to discuss the benefits and risks of using Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules while you are pregnant. Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules are found in breast milk. If you are or will be breast-feeding while you use Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules, check with your doctor. Discuss any possible risks to your baby.

Possible side effects of Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules:
All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:
Diarrhea; gas; nausea; stomach discomfort; vomiting.

Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur:
Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); black, tarry stools; chest pain; irregular heartbeat; listlessness; numbness or tingling in your skin, lips, hands, or feet; severe nausea or vomiting; stomach pain or swelling; unusual confusion or anxiety; unusual muscle weakness or paralysis; vomit that looks like coffee grounds; weak or heavy legs.

This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. To report side effects to the appropriate agency, please read the Guide to Reporting Problems to FDA.

If OVERDOSE is suspected:
Contact 1-800-222-1222 (the American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center, or emergency room immediately. Symptoms may include chest pain; fast, slow, or irregular heartbeat; limp muscles; listlessness; muscle weakness or paralysis; slow or difficult breathing.

Proper storage of Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules:
Store Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules at room temperature, between 59 and 86 degrees F (15 and 30 degrees C). Store away from heat, moisture, and light. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules out of the reach of children and away from pets.

General information:
•If you have any questions about Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules, please talk with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.
•Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules are to be used only by the patient for whom it is prescribed. Do not share it with other people.
•If your symptoms do not improve or if they become worse, check with your doctor.
•Check with your pharmacist about how to dispose of unused medicine.

This information is a summary only. It does not contain all information about Micro-K Extended-Release Capsules. If you have questions about the medicine you are taking or would like more information, check with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.

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 详细处方信息以本药内容附件PDF文件(20121918143839.pdf)的“原文Priscribing Information”为准
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更新日期: 2012-1-10
附件:
 
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