药品信息: 友情提示:美国的brand Isoptin 已停产。
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Verapamil belongs to the class of medications called calcium channel blockers. It is used for the treatment of high blood pressure, certain abnormal heart rhythms, and angina (chest pain). It works to control blood pressure and reduce the number of angina attacks by relaxing blood vessels. It also normalizes heart rhythms. Your doctor may have suggested this medication for conditions other than the ones listed in these drug information articles. If you have not discussed this with your doctor or are not sure why you are taking this medication, speak to your doctor. Do not stop taking this medication without consulting your doctor.
How should I use this medication? If you use the immediate-release tablets, the recommended dose of verapamil ranges from 80 mg to 120 mg three or four times daily with food. If you use the sustained-release (SR) tablets, the recommended dose of verapamil ranges from 180 mg to 480 mg daily with food. The SR tablets are to be taken once daily if the dose is 240 mg or less. Doses over 240 mg daily of the SR tablets should be taken in two divided doses (morning and evening) with food. Do not chew or crush the sustained-release tablets. Do not exceed a maximum dose of 480 mg daily. Many things can affect the dose of medication that a person needs, such as body weight, other medical conditions, and other medications. If your doctor has recommended a dose different from the ones listed here, do not change the way that you are taking the medication without consulting your doctor. It is important to take this medication regularly, exactly as prescribed by the doctor. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as possible and continue on with your regular schedule. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue on with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. Do not dispose of medications in wastewater (e.g. down the sink or in the toilet) or in household garbage. Ask your pharmacist how to dispose of medications that are no longer needed or have expired.
Who should NOT take this medication? Verapamil should not be used by anyone who: is suffering from certain types of complicated heart attack is suffering from severe congestive heart failure and/or severe left ventricular dysfunction unless it is due to a cause that is treatable by verapamil has severe low blood pressure is in severe cardiogenic shock has second- or third-degree heart block or sick sinus syndrome is allergic to verapamil or any of the ingredients of the medication has a very low heart rate has atrial flutter or atrial fibrillation and an accessory bypass tract (e.g., Wolff-Parkinson-White, Lown-Ganong-Levine syndromes).
Overdosage Any medication taken in excess can have serious consequences. If you suspect an overdose, seek medical attention immediately. An overdose of Calan can cause fluid buildup in the lungs, kidney problems, seizures, dangerously low blood pressure, and life-threatening heart problems such as a slow or irregular heartbeat. After treatment for an overdose, you should remain under observation in the hospital for at least 48hours, especially if you have taken the sustained-release form of the drug.
【成分】盐酸维拉帕米 【作用机理】为钙通道阻滞剂(钙拮抗剂)。由于抑制钙内流可降低心脏舒张期自动去极化速率,而使窦房结的发放冲动减慢,也可减慢传导。可减慢前向传导,因而可以消除房室结折返。对外周血管有扩张作用,使血压下降,但较弱,一般可引起心率减慢,但也可因血压下降而反射性心率加快。对冠状动脉有舒张作用,可增加冠脉流量,改善心肌供氧,此外,它尚有抑制血小板聚集作用。 【适应症】原发性高血压 可用于抗心律失常及抗心绞痛。对于阵发性室上性心动过速最有效;对房室交界区心动过速疗效也很好;也可用于心房颤动、心房扑动、房性早搏。 【用量用法】缓释片成人1片qd,如有必要两周后可1片bid。 【禁忌】心源性休克,急性心肌梗塞并发症,II或III度房室传导阻滞,窦房传导阻滞,病理性窦房结综合征,明显心力衰竭。 【不良反应】便秘、头晕。偶见恶心,眩晕,头痛,低血压,踝关节水肿,潮红,乏力,神经过敏,红斑性肢痛病,感觉异常,心动过缓性心律不齐,充血性心力衰竭,呼吸困难。极少见肌肉疼痛,关节痛,过敏性皮肤反应,男子女性乳房,可逆性转氨酶和/或碱性磷酸酶升高,牙龈增生。 【注意事项】I度房室传导阻滞、心动过缓(心率<50次/分)、低血压(收缩压<90mmHg)、预激综合症同时存在的房颤房扑,例如WPW综合症(有导致室性心动过速的危险)、心力衰竭(需使用强心甙、利尿剂维持治疗)。孕妇(尤其是妊娠前3个月)和哺乳妇女应慎用,同时需要在医师指导下才可使用。本药可影晌驾驶或操作机器的能力,特别是从另一种抗高血压药物改换服用缓释异搏定治疗的初期阶段,在饮酒后尤应注意。 【药物相互作用】β阻滞剂、抗心律失常药和吸入性麻醉药可增强本药的药效。可加强其它抗高血压药的效果。减弱锂的作用并增加其神经毒性。提高环孢毒素、茶碱、地高辛、氨甲酸氮卓的血浆水平。降低利福平、苯妥英和苯巴比妥的药效。加强肌松剂的药效。可能提高西米替丁的血浆水平。
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